Bioethanol from autoclaved municipal solid waste: Assessment of environmental and financial viability under policy contexts
نویسندگان
چکیده
Globally, 2.01 billion tonnes of municipal solid waste (MSW) were generated in 2016, about 37% which was disposed into landfills. This study evaluates the environmental and financial viability producing ethanol from autoclaved MSW via fermentation. Experimental screening four different microorganisms (i.e., S. cerevisiae, Z. mobilis, E. coli, pombe) process modelling indicate that MSW-derived can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions relative to gasoline (84% reduction following EU Renewable Energy Directive accounting methodology, by 156–231% US Independence Security Act methodology). Utilisation wastes for biofuel production UK benefits policy support renewable fuels (Renewable Transport Fuel Certificates). Financial analysis highlights achieving higher yield productivity (S. cerevisiae mobilis) achieve with cumulative net present value than pombe. However, positive be achieved primarily due benefit gate fees received diverting autoclave (64% total revenues), rather revenues sales (7% revenues). Key improvements must improve deliver a clear advantage over incineration, specifically improving hydrolysis yield, reducing enzyme loading rate and, lesser extent, increasing rate. The results provide significant insights role technology development viable waste-to-biofuel systems.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Applied Energy
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['0306-2619', '1872-9118']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117118